My (Im)perfect Cousin?

in which we start to worry about the source of our inspiration
Mona Lisa Vito: So what’s your problem?
Vinny Gambini: My problem is, I wanted to win my first case without any help from anybody.
Lisa: Well, I guess that plan’s moot.
Vinny: Yeah.
Lisa: You know, this could be a sign of things to come. You win all your cases, but with somebody else’s help. Right? You win case, after case, – and then afterwards, you have to go up somebody and you have to say- “thank you“! Oh my God, what a fuckin’ nightmare!


It is one of the all-time great movies, and netted Marisa Tomei an Oscar in the process. Yes it is. It really is1.

Not only that, but My Cousin Vinny2 throws up parallels in real life all the time. Yes it does. It really does3.

Why only recently, I was puzzling over the best (or least worst) way to implement a particularly nonsensical requirement for an intransigent client. After summarising the various unpalatable options in an email, a reply arrived from a generally unproductive source. The message content made it obvious that he’d somewhat missed the point but the conclusion he drew from that misunderstanding triggered a new thought process that gave us a new, even less, er, worser solution to our problem.

Sadly, my unwitting muse has moved on now, but he left his mark for all time4 on our latest product. I suppose he should also take partial credit for the creation of a hitherto unknown development methodology: Powerpoint-Driven Development, but that’s a story for another day.


1 All right, IMHO
2 See also My Cousin Vinny At Work, application of quotes therefrom
3 YMMV.
4 Or at least until we have a better idea and change the whole damn thing

Lacking Anything Worthwhile To Say, The Third Wise Monkey Remained Mostly Mute

Project Euler 100/304 complete (on the permanent leaderboard at last!)

(in which we discover What’s Been Going On lately)

 

Don't talk ... code

 

I’ve been coding like crazy in C# of late, a language I’ve barely touched in the last few years. Put it this way, generics were new and sexy the last time I wrote anything serious in .NET… (There should be some ExcelDNA fun to be had later.)

I’d forgotten how flat-out fast compiled languages, even the bytecode/IL kind could be. It’s not a completely fair comparison, to be sure, but a Ruby script to extract 300,000 accounts from my Oracle database and write them as XML takes a couple of hours, mostly in the output part. A C# program handled the whole thing in 5 minutes. Then processes the accounts in about 30 seconds, of which 10 are spent deserializing the XML into objects, 10 are serializing the results to XML and 10 are performing the moderately heavy-duty mathematical tranformations in between.

 


Click to test is value for money

 

Lacking at present a paid-for version of Visual Studio 2010 (the Express Edition, while brilliantly capable, won’t do plugins, which precludes integration Subversion and NUnit, to name but two essentials), I have been enjoying greatly my experience with SharpDevelop, which spots my installs of TortoiseSVN and NUnit and allows both to be used inside the IDE. It’s not perfect: there are areas, particularly in its Intellisense analogue, where exceptions get thrown, but they’re all caught and I have yet to lose any work. While the polish is, unsurprisingly, at a lower level than Microsoft’s, it’s entirely adequate (and I mean that in a good way) and the price is right. I particularly liked being able to open an IronRuby session in the IDE and use it to interact with the classes in the DLL on which I was working.

While I expect VS2010 to become available as the budgeting process grinds through, I’m not at all sure that it’ll be necessary to switch. An extended set of automated refactoring tools could be attractive, although Rename and Extract Method are probably the two most useful, productivity-wise, and they’re already present. I would rather like to have Extract Class, which isn’t needed often but would be a big time (and error) saver when called for.

On another topic entirely, should you be looking for entertaining reading in the vaguely technical, erudite and borderline insane category, may I recommend To Umm Is Human to you? Any blog that has “orang utan” amongst its tags is worth a look, I’d say. If you like it, you’ll like it a lot. I was once made redundant by a Doubleday, but I don’t think they’re related.

There’s an interesting new programmer-oriented podcast on the block, too: This Developer’s Life has slightly higher production values that may ultimately limit its life – the time to produce an episode must be substantial. I found myself wanting to join in the conversation with stories of my own, a sure sign that I was engaged in the content.

The Probability of Culpability

(stackoverflow rep: 10,976, Project Euler 98/288 complete)

(in which we are reminded that finding solutions to most of the issues we face requires looking no further than our own immediate surroundings)

“I think there’s a problem with the web server – one of my pages isn’t displaying”.

“Strange – everything else seems to be fine – have you made any changes recently?”

“No – and it was fine yesterday. It must be the server; I’m going to escalate it to support.”

A few minutes later, I discovered that a directory had, as a result of a deviant drag-and-drop, been relocated inside another directory, with the result that the failing page’s Javascripts were no longer loading. Panic over, issue de-escalated. It was our team’s collective fault after all.

I have, over the years, found myself working in a support capacity. Needs must, from time to time. I doubt very much that I’m the only support person who ever had a user who claimed that they’d found a bug in Windows/a compiler/Excel/some other third-party application. I also suspect that the number of occasions where the actual error really did reside where the user asserted it did is small. Vanishingly small.

Ask not at what the finger pointeth...

As a general rule of thumb, when faced with a perplexing error, we may consider the “stack” of software within which our problem has arisen. With that in mind, we should consider how much effort has been invested into assuring the correctness of each layer. Take an Excel/VBA application running on, say, Windows 7. I’d guess that the test effort invested in Windows would be an order of magnitude greater – at least – than for Excel. And the step should be as great when we come down to the app we built. That’s reasonable – it reflects the impact of a detected problem in each layer, an impact we can measure in time, money, reputation and the like.

The web environment above supports hundreds of internal sites and is supported by a dedicated team of engineers. The environment changes slowly and only after extensive testing. It has to – the cost of messing up is high.

Sometimes the problem really is upstream, don’t get me wrong. At least one version of Excel, when switching from German to English, doesn’t translate BRTEILJAHRE() to YEARFRAC(), for example. IronRuby has reached version 1.0 but I did discover a little bug (well, in one of the standard libraries, at least) and years ago I had the excitement of working on a PC with a P60 CPU, FDIV bug and all.

The very fact that I remember these examples shows how rare they are, compared to the number of bugs I identify and fix in my own code every day. I can barely remember what I fixed this morning, for goodness’ sake. Orders of magnitude.

The UK National Lottery (or “Lotto” as I think it’s now called) used to have a tagline: “it could be you”. In that particular case it was generally a safe bet to append “but it probably won’t be”. When we’re looking for the source of software errors, we can change that to “and it probably is”.

Estimated distribution of causes of problems

My Mother Would Be So Proud

(stackoverflow rep: 10,038, Project Euler 96/283 complete)

(in which it transpires that I’ve been something creative all along)

Perhaps because I don’t speak Swedish very well (for values of “very well” that are exactly equal to “at all”) I didn’t notice this blog post until today, when I came across it in a link from a comment on post in a blog that I do read.

Earlier this week I was struggling to impress upon a colleague that I thought that he should write some code instead of spending additional time “getting a complete understanding of all the issues” and “acquiring a good knowledge of the technical framework”. I wondered if it was some deficiency in my communication “skills” – and that could very well be the case – but I’m starting to think that we have very different views on the purpose of code, perhaps because he’s from an academic mathematical background and I’m just an old hacker. I think he sees the code-writing process as the final expression of his understanding of a problem, where I use code to develop that understanding. Not surprisingly, within our problem domain I think I have the more appropriate model. Anyway, I outrank him…

Maybe it’s an Internet phenomenon (or more likely just human nature) that the same idea (meme?) is rediscovered on a regular basis. I remember reading – and being influenced by – a similar article several years ago. A quick search threw up an even older article making a similar point. Yes, even almost 20 years ago, the transition from source to executable was relatively cheap.

If we view the act of writing source code as part of the design of the program and not part of the build, then we move further away from the commonly-applied physical engineering metaphor and this is no bad thing. It doesn’t take much mental effort: any substantial change in the design of a building is likely to be immensely expensive after the building is constructed, whereas rebuilding a whole program or application is relatively cheap once the design (source) has been updated. Once you get to web apps, where even deployment is almost free, then you’re a long way from the building site.

Further, if we see coding as design, then the notion of starting small and enhancing iteratively, tidying (refactoring) as we go becomes a much more obviously good thing. To my mind, at least.

So – look Ma! I’m a designer!

Restoring Normal Tab Service in Firefox 3.6

(stackoverflow rep: 9948, Project Euler 93/281 complete)

(in which we address something fairly trivial)

Firefox 3.6 introduced a change where by default opening a link in a new tab places the tab immediately after the current one. Which seriously messed up my workflow.

Tab background courtesy of FF's new "persona" skinning thingummybob. Not sure how I feel about that, either.

I have a bunch of links (Google Reader, Hacker News – or rather Giles Bowkett’s rather spiffy Hacker Newspaper, reddit, stuff like that) from which I open any interesting links, to be consumed with my breakfast while my brain gets into second gear. Maybe it’s just me and my inability to move with the times, but I like my tabs sorted in the order in which I opened them, thank you very much.

This (http://support.mozilla.com/en-US/forum/1/602853#threadId602882) is where I found the fix.

For the idle of click, this is what it says:

Type about:config into the URL/location bar and press the Enter key.
Click through any warning (i.e., promise to be careful)
Copy and paste the following into the Filter box:

browser.tabs.insertRelatedAfterCurrent

Double-click the line listing that preference to change the value to false.
Restart Firefox (File > Restart Firefox)

And that’s it. Seems to work. Which is nice.

Sometimes It’s The Little Things

(stackoverflow rep: 9138, Project Euler 90/274 complete)

From time to time I trawl through my blog subscriptions: some are defunct while others may have changed their feed details sufficently that they’re no longer being picked up. I have about 270 subscriptions, which makes the job a chore and hence it doesn’t get done very frequently. The upshot is, for the case where the blog hasn’t just died, I sometimes miss something.

What should we do with tedious manual activities? Automate! I went and did some investigation.

Google Reader will, through the “manage subscriptions” link (it’s at the bottom of the subscriptions list in my browser) let you download your details in an XML (more specifically, Outline Processor Markup Language, or OPML) file. It looks like this (heavily snipped to avoid excess tedium):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<opml version="1.0">
    <head>
        <title>mikewoodhouse subscriptions in Google Reader</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <outline title="misc" text="misc">
            <outline text="Grumpy Old Programmer"
                title="Grumpy Old Programmer" type="rss"
                xmlUrl="https://grumpyop.wordpress.com/feed/" htmlUrl="https://grumpyop.wordpress.com"/>
            <outline text="Google Code Blog" title="Google Code Blog"
                type="rss"
                xmlUrl="http://google-code-updates.blogspot.com/atom.xml" htmlUrl="http://googlecode.blogspot.com/"/>
        </outline>
    </body>
</opml>

Ignoring for the moment the beauties of XML, this is pretty simple: there’s an outer “outline” that matches the folder I’ve created in Reader, within which is an outline for each feed to which I’m subscribed.

What I wanted to do is something like this:

  • parse the OPML, extracting the xmlUrl tag;
  • download the feed using that tag;
  • scan the entry listing in the feed to find the latest entry date, as a proxy for the last-known activity on that blog;
  • review the blogs that seemed oldest and deadest for update or removal.

Simples!

Well, with a little Googling and not much Rubying, it actually turned out to be so. John Nunemaker‘s HappyMapper gem does a quick enough job of the parsing:

require 'happymapper'
module OPML
  class Outline
    include HappyMapper
    tag 'outline'
    attribute :title, String
    attribute :\xmlUrl, String # remove the \ - WordPress insists on trying to make a smiley out of colon-x
    has_many :\outlines, Outline # see above. Stupid WordPress. Or me. Or both.
  end
end

sections = OPML::Outline.parse(File.read("google-reader-subscriptions.xml"))
sections.delete_if { |section| section.outlines.size == 0 } # remove outline children with no parents

The delete_if part is there to cater for my parse creating duplicates of the “child” outlines: once in their own right and once within their parent section. I’m pretty sure I’ve seen how to avoid that somewhere, but for now this will do, since all my subscriptions live in folders. It leaves something there for the next iteration.

And then there’s the spiffy little Feed Normalizer gem, that will parse RSS or Atom agnostically, which is good: I don’t want to have to care.

require 'feed-normalizer'
require 'open-uri'

sections.each do |section|
 section.outlines.each do |feed|
 list = FeedNormalizer::FeedNormalizer.parse(open(feed.xmlUrl))
 latest = list.entries.map{|entry| entry.date_published}.max
 puts "#{section.title} #{feed.title} #{latest}"
 end
end

Job done.

OK, this is the everything-works-as-expected version, which assumes files will always exist (they won’t), date strings are present and valid (they aren’t), but nobody wants to see a pile of exception- and error-handling code. Or at least, they shouldn’t. Not in a blog post.

Shippity-doo-dah

(stackoverflow rep: 7576, Project Euler 83/257 complete)
In my band days we called it "Gaffer"

In my band days we called it "Gaffer"

Reading Joel’s1 Duct-Tape Programmer article this morning (in the interests of full disclosure I should admit without additional prevarication that I have a large roll of “Duck” tape in the second drawer of my desk as I type) one sentence smacked me metaphorically between the eyes:

“Shipping is a feature”

I was transported back a couple of decades to the time when the bank for whom I was then working discovered that it was building not one but two settlement systems (the things that ensure that what traders agree should happen actually does) in two locations: London and Zurich. In London we were targeting our DEC VAX/Oracle platform, while the Swiss were designing with their local Tandem Non-Stop installation. And we’d both have gotten away with it if it hadn’t been for that meddling CEO…

It was decreed that The Wise Men (external auditors) be appointed to review the two projects and pronounce which should live and which should consign its members to the dole queue.

The Wise Ones duly decamped to Zurich to spend a few weeks working through the cabinets of meticulously-detailed standards-compliant design documentation that had been lovingly crafted over the past several months, with coding about to start. Then they came to see us. It didn’t look so good.

dried-up and crusty now...

dried-up and crusty now...

What documentation we had was months old (from a previous, aborted start of the waterfall) and coated in Tipp-Ex. Remember the white error-correction fluid we used all the time back in the 20th Century? When we still wrote “memos”? After a week of vagueness and frustration a set of presentations were scheduled for the Friday, at which we proposed to try to fill in the gaps.

england2switz1

Ing-er-land!

London won.

Yay us, but how? On most objective measurements we were deficient when compared with our continental rivals, even we agreed on that. But on that Friday afternoon, I got to stand up to summarise the differences, positive and negative between the two projects, as seen by the London team. I think what may have swung it was the part where I got to say “our system has been settling trades since 3 o’clock this morning”.

In about nine months, one team had done everything by the Book (don’t know the title, but I bet it had “Structured” in it) and had reached the point where they had, well, a book. Lots of books, in fact – they’d worked really hard. In the same time, we built a system and even better, shipped it. I don’t think anyone had written any Agile books by then – even if they had, we hadn’t read them.

Our team hadn’t done an awful job by any means, you understand: there’d been a few weeks of up-front requirement-gathering/scoping.  We had a massive data model that we Tipp-Exed down to the minimum needed. We had an outline architecture that, through luck or judgement, proved to be appropriate. Probably best of all, though, we sat with our users while we built their system. Better, as we built different features we moved around so we were always within speaking distance of our domain expert (I don’t think we’d done the whole “domain” thing then – we just called them “users”). So  we seldom got very far off track while stuff got built, and we were, with hindsight, feature-driven and relatively lowly-coupled/highly cohesive at the component level, all Good Things. Mostly written in COBOL, too.

Looking back, we were lucky: we didn’t manage to repeat the magic and fell back into time and cost overruns with the next couple of large projects. At least we were still being paid, unlike our erstwhile colleagues in Switzerland.


1 I call him by his first name because we share so much; we’re only a few slots apart on page 13 of StackOverflow as I write this. Page-mates, don’t you know.

Fifty Candles (each)

(stackoverflow rep: 4675, Project Euler 72/240 complete)

The first programming language I learned was a peculiar version of BASIC, running on the ICL mainframe installed during my abbreviated university career. I seem to recall it used a magnetic drum as its primary storage device. My second programming language, and the first I was ever paid real money for working with, was COBOL. It was the lingua franca of business computing, had been around forever and I started to learn it early in 1979. It turns out that “ancient” old COBOL had at the time only been around for about 20 years. As indeed had I, and this year we both turn 50.

Ah, the fun we had!

Ah, the fun we had!

When the only tool you have is a hammer, everything looks like a nail. (I remember vividly a school “handyman”, inexplicably nicknamed “Sausage”, who would repair desks by applying a large hammer to drive screws). I used COBOL for things to which it really wasn’t suited. For a couple of years, that didn’t just mean writing peculiar code, it meant punching cards on an IBM 029 punch machine.

Programming for work was done on paper coding sheets, converted into machine-readable format (80-column punched cards) two evenings a week by Hazel the Punch Girl. Times change.

Once upon a time all code was written on these

Once upon a time all code was written on these

It wasn’t as bad as you might think: we only got to compile or run our code twice a day anyway, the rest of the time involved pencils and paper. Lots of paper. Some things change less than others.

Anyway, designing, coding, compiling and testing/debugging a program was a mammoth task: it took months. Lots of months. I think in the three years I was a programmer in my first job I wrote about eight complete programs.

Virgin input to the 029...

Virgin input to the 029...

In all, I was primarily a COBOL programmer for about 12 years, although there were secondary activities in PL/1, Fortran and C in the same period. I haven’t written a line since some time in early 1990. Can’t say that I miss it, not even now that it has object-orientation, a scary concept for a language that didn’t even use to have data scoping below “global”.

So happy birthday to COBOL, whenever it falls during the year. I can’t say I miss you but you paid the bills for over a decade, and for that I’ll always be grateful.

[Wi|Ga]dgets – what’s the use?

(stackoverflow rep: 2539, Project Euler 47/227 complete)

Gadgets? We don’t need no stinking gadgets!

Microsoft, Yahoo! and Google, to name but three proponents, each have a desktop widget (or gadget, or whatever) model, either providing stuff spread out all over your Windows (are OSX and other *nix environments similarly afflicted?) desktop or tucked away in a “Sidebar”. These handy-dandy little applets provide information on such vitally otherwise hard-to-get functions such as:

  • The weather (for those not in sight of a window?);
  • RSS feeds (for those who want to read their feeds in a 2″x1″ window);
  • An e-mail notifier (because you still don’t understand the meaning of ‘asynchronous’);
  • The time (for those who can’t read the little digital clock on their taskbar and who don’t own a watch);
  • A calculator (because the world needs another computer desktop calculator);
  • Resource usage monitors (so you can tell your computer isn’t running slow);
  • A mediocre controller for your media player (because media players don’t have minimised controls … oh, yes they do);
  • Teeny-tiny picture viewers (for when flickr is just too much detail)
  • Out-of-date stock tickers (so you can see in delayed real-time how much poorer you are today)

… you get the idea.

Even better, all these are neatly tucked away on a “sidebar” (a sort of non-window window) or even better, spread out all over the shop, which is exactly what you want on a two- or three-screen setup. And they’re all handily concealed beneath the applications you’re running at any time. You know, those stupid time-wasters like Outlook, Excel, Firefox, Word, Visual Studio, a couple of Explorers and a database utility or two.

Marvellous.

What we seem to have here are a collection of (sometimes) graphically pleasing little applications that deliver functionality available elsewhere, each having one or more of the following drawbacks:

  • Always-present, seldom needed;
  • Inadequate functionality;
  • Duplicate of something that’s already fit-for-purpose;
  • Pointless eye-candy;
  • Invisible.

Unloved

Looking at Yahoo!’s programming category, I find that the most popular has been downloaded 80,000 times. It’s a widget that performs geolocation for a given IP address. With a flag. I’m trying to imagine a situation where I (or anyone) would need that often enough to abandon a browser-based function, opting for a desktop-resident applet against a “proper” application because I don’t need it that much. I don’t exactly see the “programming” connection either, come to think.

Yahoo programming widget downloads as at 12-Jan-2009

Data as at 12-Jan-2009

I’m probably not being fair – I thought the most useful stuff would be written for programmers. What does it look like overall? I can’t tell much from Google’s list because they don’t give download stats, although sorting by popularity shows the expected four C’s (clock, climate, calculator, calendar). So back to Yahoo! where the current Number One, with a snappy 4.5 million downloads, is Yahoo! Weather. In fact, as I write this, a whopping six widgets have passed the million mark. Only two are clocks.

Oh look - Microsoft Sidebar does weather too

Oh look - Microsoft Sidebar does weather too

The highlights of a quick-and-dirty breakdown of the top 100 are 19 fun-and-games, 15 system monitor thingies, 14 clocks, 9 calendars, 8 media players, 7 weather reports, 6 post-it notes, 5 gold rings. Very similar to the Google list. I was too depressed to look at Microsoft’s in any detail, but it’s the same ol’ same ol’, although their weather widget claims over 22 million downloads. I’m guessing it’s downloaded automatically when a Vista PC connects to the Internet…

Number one Google gadget - because you can never have too many clocks

Number one Google gadget - because you can never have too many clocks

I’m not getting it. Looks like many others aren’t either. The numbers of people who come back to provide a rating are miniscule: about 7,000 for the weather app. About 0.16%

Apart from the shocking paucity of imagination in the applets themselves, what’s wrong with the whole idea? (IMHO, of course, YMMV).

Real estate is Precious

There are people out there who have enough monitors to be able to allocate space for widgets. Two 1280×1024 screens isn’t enough for me though. Utility drops to almost zero if the things aren’t always available. Google make things worse by allowing applets to live anywhere on the desktop. Stuff needs to go in a sidebar that manages window maximisation to keep itself visible. So it needs to be on the right- or left-most monitor, unless you’re prepared to give up on dual-screen workbooks. For the average user, the bar needs to be a lot narrower than at present to be tolerable. Somewhere between, say, 25 and 50 pixels? I could live with that.

Useful vs Pretty

Useful doesn’t always win. Useful-but-ugly often doesn’t get past “Go”, whereas Pretty at least gets a chance. Long-term, it’s got to have both: too much of what’s on offer seems to be limited to pretty useless.

To offer a compelling argument against rapid deletion, applets have to either provide something in a better way than is currently available or provide something that isn’t available at all elsewhere . Example: there is a Ruby script that allows, from the command line, simple copying of files to an Amazon S3 bucket. Useful. Maybe we could have a widget (maybe it already exists, but I couldn’t find one) that allows upload via drag-and-drop from Explorer. That would be better than what’s already available. Something I can’t do at all except via cut and paste is store stuff in Google Notebook. A drag-and-drop gadget to simplify that would be providing something I can’t do at all.

Conclusion

I don’t know that I have one. There are several similar implementations of a desktop XML/Javascript applet technology that has a lot of money invested in it. Well, I don’t know how much exactly, but I bet I’d be a happy old programmer if you’d given it all to me instead. And you might as well have done exactly that, for all the benefit mankind appears to be accruing. It ought to be good for something, oughtn’t it?

Route 55 (and Route 19)

(Stackoverflow reputation down to 2232 after they cleaned up some over-voted stuff from the early days, sniff)

While I prevaricate over all kinds of things, including a redesign of the xlUnit interface, I have been enjoying Michael‘s series of articles on Project Euler solutions in VBA, posted at Daily Dose of Excel. There are some ingenious solutions to long-standing VB/VBA deficiencies, not least the absence of built-in facilities for handling arbitrarily large numbers beyond double precision variables.

I have an abiding fondness for the “classic” VB family – not least because it was the skill that fed and housed me and my family for a good 15 years or more. But boy, it can look a bit tired these days.

As it happens, I’d been taking a few shots at the Euler problems myself, but in Ruby, since that’s my language of choice these days (not least because much of my working day is currently spent working on intranet applications using Rails). So it was interesting to compare the two.

Let’s take problem 55. I took Michael’s code (with the neat little large number AddAsStrings routine) into Excel on my whizz-bang dual-dual-Xeon machine and it solved the problem in 0.554 seconds, which, considering the amount of string-based arithmetic that’s going on, is a testament to the speed of modern PCs.

Below is my Ruby version, which takes a rather different approach. Firstly, in Ruby we have support for arbitrarily large numbers, via the built-in Bignum class, so the string adding business is taken care of. Secondly, classes in Ruby, even compiled standard ones, are open to modification, via a technique colloquially known as monkey-patching. So I could patch in a method directly to the Integer class, which seems appropriate, since we’re looking for a property of the number.

Here’s the code:

class Integer
  def lychrel?(max = 50)
    temp = self
    max.times do
      temp = temp + temp.to_s.reverse.to_i
      return false if temp.to_s == temp.to_s.reverse
    end
    true
  end
end
puts (1..9999).inject(0) { |t, i| t + (i.lychrel? ? 1 : 0) }

That took 0.410 seconds on the same machine. I can see at least one inefficiency: calling to_s twice on the same number, which is expensive.

On the other hand, VBA has the edge on problem 19. I spotted a little optimisation in Michael’s code, which gave me this in VBA, which is about 20 times faster at 0.0019 seconds than the original:

Dim Start   As Date
Dim Answer  As Long
Start = DateSerial(1901, 1, 1)
Do While Start < DateSerial(2001, 1, 1)
   If Weekday(Start) = vbSunday Then
      Answer = Answer + 1
   End If
   Start = DateSerial(Year(Start), Month(Start) + 1, 1)
Loop
Debug.Print Answer

Ruby’s Date class doesn’t do anything clever with months outside the 1 to 12 range, so I had to inject a little logic, but otherwise we’re pretty much in synch, algorithmically:

d = Date.new(1901,1,1)
end_date = Date.new(2000,12,31)
until d > end_date do
  res += 1 if d.cwday == 7
  y, m = d.year, d.month + 1
  y, m = y + 1, 1 if m > 12
  d = Date.new(y, m, 1)
end
puts res

Not much in it, lines-of-code wise as you’d probably expect, but the Ruby code takes about 0.36 seconds, which is a hell of a difference.

Call it one-all for now.